2012届高考英语第一轮主谓一致语法专题教案

mittee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff, team等，其中cattle，people，police一般看成复数形式。
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(15)战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题。
War and peace is (be) a constant theme in history.
(16)中国丝绸和日本丝绸质量都很好。
Chinese and Japanese silk are (be) of good quality.
【结论6】当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。另外，当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数， 那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
【特别提醒】
英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：
iron and steel钢铁
law and order治安
bread and butter 黄油面包
a watch and chain一块带链的表
a knife and fork刀叉
a coat and tie配有领带的上衣
aim and end目的
truth and honesty真诚
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(17)What surprised me most was (be) his attitude towards his study.
【结论7】 what 引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
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(18)Such is (be) Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.
【结论8】 such 作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。
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(19)Every day quantities of water are (be) wasted.
【结论9】 quantities of ＋名词作主语时，不论名词是复数还是不可数，谓语一律用复数。
二、形式一致原则
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(20)Every boy and every girl is (be) having sports now.
(21)One and a half hours is (be) not enough to me.
(22)More than one boy was (be) invited to the ball yesterday.
(23)Many a student in our class wears (wear) glasses.
【结论】
①every / each / no ＋名词＋and every / each / no ＋名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
② “one ＋单数名词＋and a half”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③ “more than one ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
④ “many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
【疑难】
― Did you go to the show last night?
― Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited.
A. were B. have been
C. has been　 D. was
【疑难剖析】答案为D项，根据形式一致原则。从last night可以排除B、C。以上四种情况，如果从意义上来讲，主语有复数意义，但由于名词都是以单数形式出现的，故谓语用单数形式，谓语形式上与主语的单数形式一致。
三、就近原则
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(24)Either I or they are (be) responsible for the result of the matter.
(25)Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has (have) caused me any distress.
【结论1】谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or, not…but…； either…or…， neither…nor…，not only…but also…等。
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(26) In the distance was (be) heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
【结论2】在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。
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(27)Here is (be) a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
(28)There is (be) a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. [ ]
(29)There are (be) twenty boy－students and twenty－three girl－students in the class.
【结论3】当一个句子是由 there 或here引起，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。 [ ]