forts caused by the treatment of cancer. She didn't regard cancer as a __17__ disease, but a laughing matter. She treated it in a humorous way. To put it in __18__way, she is teaching people that even though cancer isn't__19__， we can treat it in a humorous way.
Her second child was going to be born three months away __20__she was diagnosed with cancer. Suddenly, a __21__ mother turned into a helpess woman afraid for her own __22__.It was after she had had her baby__23__that she had an operation. __24__ came chemo(化疗)and her life seemed to be made up of fears and __25__. But the __26__moment in her life came after she lost all her hair and a free wig(假发)arrived. She __27__it on as her older son Kyler watched.
“That was when I decided how to __28__ it: crying over this bad wig or laughing about it. __29__ way would make __30__ remember it.” Bonnie said. She spent a lot of time looking for anything funny from cancer patients. She got a lot out of collecting__31__ stories. She started laughing a lot, finding it the perfect medicine. Using herself as a bald(光头)model, Bonnie__32__ to design her own greeting cards and calendars, making fun of the sufferings of chemo. “To have joy, we badly __33__to laugh, ”she said.
Clearly, you can increase your confidence to__34__over any disease and trouble__35__ laughing.
16．A.set B．series
C．way D．pack
17．A.seriously B．deadly
C．terribly D．fearfully
18．A.another B．the others
C．other D．others
19．A.serious B．painful
C．fun D．fierce
20．A.before B．until
C．while D．when
21．A.sad B．happy
C．fortunate D．sick
22．A.son B．illness
C．operation D．life
23．A.made B．attended
C．delivered D．opened
24．A.Then B．Later
25．A.failures B．loneliness
C．wonders D．tears
26．A.lowest B．highest
C．great D．ugly
27．A.wore B．carried
C．tried D．fastened
28．A.do with B．deal with
C．go with D．meet with
29．A.All B．Any
C．Both D．Either
30．A.myself B．everyone
C．my son D．my husband
31．A.detective B．romantic
C．different D．humorous
32．A.get down B．set out
C．set about D．set down
33．A.ought B．need
C．want D．long
34．A.get B．think
C．run D．take
35．A.in terms of B．by means of
C．through the method of D．by the way of
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共40分)
A
What we today call American folk art was, indeed, art of, by and for ordinary, everyday“folks”who, with increasing prosperity and leisure(闲暇)，created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits. Citizens of prosperous, essentially middleclass republics―whether ancient Romans, 17th century Dutch people, or 19th century Americans―have always shown a marked taste for portraiture. Starting in the late eighteenth century, the United States contained increasing numbers of such people, and of the artists who could meet their demands.
The earliest American folk art portraits come, not surprisingly, from New England―especially Connecticut and Massachusetts―for this was a wealthy and populous region and the center of a strong craft tradition. Within a few decades after the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the population was pushing westward, and portrait painters could be found at work in western New York, Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri.Midway through its first century as a nation, the United States' population had increased roughly five times, and eleven new states had been added to the original thirteen. During these years the demand for portraits grew and grew, eventually to be satisfied by the camera. In 1839 the photograph taken by an early photographic process was introduced to America, announcing the age of photography, and within a generation the new invention put an end to the popularity of painted portraits. Once again an original portrait became a luxury(奢侈品)，commissioned by the wealthy and executed(执行)by the professional.
But in the time of greatest prosperity of portrait painting―from the late 18th century until the 1850's―anyone with small amount of artistic ability could become a limner，as such a portraitist was called. Local craftspeople―sign, coach, and house painters―began to paint portraits as a profitable sideline(副业)；sometimes as talented man or woman who began by sketching family members gained a local reputation and was besieged(包围)with requests for portraits; artists found it worth their whole to pack their paints, canvases, and brushes and to travel the countryside, often combining house decorating with portrait painting.
36．In Paragraph 1 the author mentions 17th century Dutch people as an example of a group that________.
A．consisted mainly of selftaught artists
B．appreciated portraits
C．influenced American folk art
D．had little time for the arts
37．According to the passage, where were many of the first American folk art portraits painted?
A．In western New York.
B．In Illinois and Missouri.
C．In Connecticut and Massachusetts.
D．In Ohio.
38．How much did the population of the United States increase in the first fifty years following independence?
A．It became three times larger.
B．It became five times larger.
C．It became eleven times larger.
D．It became thirteen times larger.
39．According to the passage, which of the following contributed to a decline in the demand for painted portraits?
A．The lack of a strong craft tradition.
B．The westward immigration of many painters.
C．The growing preference for landscape paintings.
D．The invention of the camera.
40．The author implies that most limners________.
A．received instruction from travelling teachers
B．were women
C．were from wealthy families
D．had no formal art training
B
Two studies are suggesting that some overweight people do not face an increased risk of developing heart disease. Researchers also found that some individuals of normal body weight have an increased risk of the disease.
Being overweight does increase your risk of medical problems, but the studies found that not all heavy people are less healthy than thin people.
In one study, American researchers examined medical records from over 5000 men and women. Each person had taken part in a separate study from 1999 to 2004. The searchers found that about 51% of them were overweight or obese. About 32% were obese, but considered metabolically(关于新陈代谢的)healthy. This means they had no evidence of problems in tests for high blood pressure or other factors linked to heart disease. However, more than 23% of people who were at a healthy weight were unhealthy in two or more aspects Judith WylieRosett helped carry out the American study. She says the finding show that all obese person can still be healthy. She believes that having body fat is not as important as where the fat is found on body. It's reported that twothirds of Americans are considered overweight or obese.
A second study is suggesting that fat in the liver(肝)may be an important health risk. Norbert Stefan and his team closely examined 314 people.They measured how much body fat each person had, and where it was on the body. To do this ，they used medical imaging tests. They discovered that obese people could have healthy hearts. Their results suggest that fat in the liver is more dangerous than fat in other areas.
The results of both studies were published recently in the Archives of Internal Medicine.Professor WylieRosett says the findings don't mean that people shouldn't be concerned about obesity. Experts say there are several diseases linked to obesity that make it more dangerous to be fat than thin. They say people should see their doctor to learn what health risks they may be facing and what behaviours should be changed to improve health.
41．What was found in 23% of the healthy people examined?
A．No factors linked to heart disease.
B．They were unhealthy in two or more aspects.
C．High blood pressure.
D．No evidence of problems.
42．Professor WylieRosett agrees that people should________.
A．avoid becoming obese
B．not worry about becoming obese
C．worry about becoming thin
D．not be afraid of several diseases
43．The underlined word“obese”in the third paragraph probably means “________”．
A．being too thin B．being healthy
C．being too fat D．being unhealthy
44．The text is mainly about evidence that some people can___ _____.
A．be both fat and healthy
B．develop heart disease
C．increase weight
D．have too much fat in the liver
C
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels(分贝)measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninetyfive would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises can seriously injure some animals.The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way.Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(感染)．
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels.They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
45．According to passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A．The manmade noises.
B．The noises made by themselves.
C．The sound of earthquakes.
D．The sound of the icebreaking.
46．Which of the following is discussed in the second paragraph?
A．Different places with different types of noises.
B．The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises.
C．The decibels measured differently on land and in the ocean.
D．The ocean animals' reaction to noises.
47．We can know from the passage that many scientists think that the noise limit of one hundred twenty decibels would ________.
A．prevent them from doing their research work
B．benefit them a lot in their research work
C．do good to their health
D．increase the industrial output
48．According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A．They will try their best to decrease noise.
B．They will work hard to cut down noise pollution.
C．They will study the effect of different noises.
D．They will protect animals from harmful noises.
D
Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges. She says，“I like to see what's on the other side of the hill.” She has gone almost everywhere to do that.
In 1988，at the age of 50，she became the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. She pulled her own sled(雪橇)piled with 160 pounds of supplies，and during her trip no one brought her fresh supplies.Accompanied only by her dog Charlie，she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact，Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her.Near the end of her trip，a forceful wind blew away the majority of her supplies. The last week of the trip，she survived on a handful of nuts and a little water each day.
Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventures，but also for education.Before her Arctic journey，she started a website called Adventure Classroom.On the site，she shared her adventures in order to inspire students.She explained，“Although kids often see the world in a negative way，without hope for their future，we work to inspire them to set goals，plan for success and never give up...”
Helen grew up in New Zealand.Her parents were athletes and mountain climbers.Following her parents’example，she climbed her first mountain at the age of nine.Later，she climbed the highest mountains in North and South America，the former USSR and New Zealand.
In 1996，she took on another challenge―the Sahara Desert.She and her husband，Bill，walked 2,400 miles across it.In 2001，she and Bill travelled on foot from west to east through the Gobi Desert in Mongolia.They hope to travel in mainland China into Sichuan and Tibet to study pandas.
Helen plans to continue taking trips.She'll use her explorations，writing，photography and environmental works to create programs for her Adventure Classroom website. She wants to inspire her students to never stop facing challenges.
49．We learn from the second paragraph that________.
A．Helen Thayer was the first person to reach the North Pole
B．Helen Thayer ate nothing during the last week of her trip
C．Helen Thayer traveled to the North Pole on her own
D．Charlie prevented Helen Thayer from being attacked by polar bears
50．Why does Helen travel to different places worldwide?
A．For fun. B．For education.
C．For money. D．For fame.
51．Which is the best title for the text?
A．The Woman Who loves Adventures
B．A Famous Woman
C．A Woman Mountain Climber
D．Adventure Classroom Owner
E
In many parts of the world，cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them.So the idea that in 20 years’ time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by ear manufacturers.
The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program.The team there believes that by 2020 all cars will be computerized，which will mean much saving，no accidents and better use of roads.The superintelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself, and it will not be owned by one individual.Instead，we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.
According to Dr.David Davis，who leads the research team，these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture，which had blocked up our cities，polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together. http://www.xkb1.com
Davis says，cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices to regulate the distance between one car and another.The car will automatically speed up，or slow down，to match the speed of the car in front.Computers are much safer drivers than people，so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.
By 2010，Dr.David Davis believes，car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road，whatever the weather conditions，by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen.And by 2020，cars will travel in_convoy,_linked to each other electronically.Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar to the car in front to form “roadtrains”．“The front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount.”says Davis.“But all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount，and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.”
文章大意：今天，汽车的作用不言而喻。但你能相信20年后没有人开车吗？有的科学家就做出了这样的预测。而且政府和汽车商却非常严肃认真的对待这一预测。
52．Which of the following will be the characteristic of the cars of 2020?
A.The car will speed up out of control.
B.We will own as many cars as we want.
C．All cars will be driven by computers.
D.Cars will produce more pollution than present ones.
53．The leader of the research team believes that the present car culture will change because________.
A.cars play a very important role in daily life
B.many societies would stop functioning without cars
C.cars should not be owned by one individual
D.it causes many deaths to human society
54．The expression closest in meaning to the phrase “in convoy” in the last paragraph is________.
A.in line B.sidelong
C．side by side D．shoulder to shoulder
55．What will happen if cars are joined to each other electro- nically in 2020?
A.Motorists will get a clear view of the road.
B.There will be less pollution caused by car.
C.The weather condition will not have effect on motorists.
D.All trains will bum less fuel than present.
一，从而减少大气污染。
Ⅳ.书面表达(满分25分)
假定你叫张华，你的同学李明即将去上海学习。现由你写一封便函给你们的朋友Jim，约他聚会。内容要点如下：
(1)聚会时间：本星期五下午3点30分；
(2)聚会地点：东风路225号，李明家；
(3)按下图所画路线告诉Jim怎样去李明家。
注意：
(1)便函用英语写，并注明便函的时间：2012年4月9日；
(2)内容包括说明部分和要点；
(3)字数：100左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________
1答案：C protect...from...“保护……免受……”。
2答案：B 因为从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中主语后助动词为be动词，所以从句中省略了主语和be动词。
3答案：C invite与people之间有被动关系，用过去分词invited作people的后置定语。
4答案：D attend on“照顾”。
5答案：B 此句中suggest表示“暗示，表明”，所以不用虚拟。
6答案：C only放在句首，句子用部分倒装。
7答案：A 句意：据证实醉酒驾驶是南京五人死亡的原因。be to blame for“对……负责任，是……的原因”。
8答案：B 她脸上惊讶的表情说明以前她并不知道这件事情。surprised“惊讶的”，用于形容人的表情、声音和心情；suggest作“表明，暗示”解时，后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气。
9答案：C be absorbed in “专心于……，全神贯注于……”。
10答案：A put forward “提出”；put away“将……收起”；put down“记下，放下”；put on“穿上，戴上”。
11答案：B 语言是被“说”的，spoken修饰 language 作定语。
12答案：D not...until...“直到……才……”。
13答案：C so...that 如此……以至于。
14答案：A realize 先于decide之前发生，用完成时，我“意识到”是主语主动发出的动作，故用现在分词作状语。
15答案：B I'm afraid 表示礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事，意为“恐怕，很遗憾”。本题中I'm afraid not.表示“很遗憾，我不知道。”
16答案：B Bonnie 罹患癌症，在治疗的过程中肯定要受很多的折磨和痛苦，a series of“一系列，一连串”，a set of “一套”，a pack of“一包”，因此选B。
17答案：B 本题考查词性，一般来说患了癌症就像判了死刑一样，而Bonnie却微笑着面对，没有把它看作死亡之症，她用幽默的方式对待它。seriously“严重地”，是副词；deadly“致死的”，是形容词；terribly“糟糕地”，副词，fearfully“恐惧地，害怕地”，此处需要形容词，因此选B。
18答案：A 本题考查代词的区别。根据上下文可知她以幽默的方式对待癌症，用另一种方式对待它，三者或三者以上用another, the others“另一些”， 代指复数；other“其他的”，others“另一些”，和some 相对，因此选A。
19答案：C 根据上下文可知她教导人们虽然癌症不是件有趣的事儿，但是我们却可以用幽默的方式对待它。根据though可知是转折让步的语气，因此选C。
20答案：D 本题考查连词的用法。根据句意：当她诊断出得了癌症时，她的第二个孩子还有三个月就要出生了。while后要接延续性动词，而diagnose是非延续性的，因此选D。
21答案：B 根据上下文可知在怀孕的情况下得知自己患了癌症，肯定是由高兴变为忧虑和绝望，sad“悲伤的”；happy“高兴的”；fortune“幸运的”； sick“有病的”；因此选B。
22答案：D 根据上下文可知她变得很绝望，担心自己的生命，这是正常的反应，因此选D。
23答案：C 本题考查动词的词义辨析。根据上下文可知她生完孩子以后才开始治疗，deliver a baby“生孩子”；make“制造”；attend“参加”；open“打开”；因此选C。
C．Thus D．Here
24答案：A 本题考查副词的用法。根据上下文可知接下来是化疗，then放于句首，句子倒装，here意思不匹配，因此选A。
25答案：D 根据上下文可知，得了癌症她刚开始是很恐慌、很害怕、很绝望的，开始化疗后，她的生活充满了恐惧和泪水，failure“失败”；loneliness“寂寞”；wonder“奇迹”；因此选D。
26答案：A 根据上下文：当她的头发都掉光了，戴假发时她的人生跌到了最低谷。high“高的”；great“伟大的”；ugly“丑陋的”；因此选A。
27答案：C 本题考查动词的区别，try on“试穿，试戴”；固定搭配，wear不与on连用，carry on “坚持”；fasten“系，拴紧”；因此选C。
28答案：B 本题考查动词词组的辨析。根据句意：那时我决定如何去面对它，how 和deal with 连用，而do with和what 连用，go with“伴随，与……相配”；meet with “碰到，遇见”，因此选B。
29答案：D 根据上下文可知是在crying over this had wig和laughing about it两者之间进行选择， 不管是哪一个都会让我的儿子记住。两者之间进行选择用either, 因此选D。
30答案：C 根据上文可知她在试戴假发的时候她的大儿子看见了，因此选C。
31答案：D 根据上文可知 Bonnie 开始从癌症患者之间收集有趣的故事，并且在收集故事的过程中她得到了很多，因此答案选D。
32答案：B 本题考查动词词组的辨析。根据上下文可知Bonnie利用自己的光头做模特，开始设计贺卡和日历，“着手做某事”可为set out to do sth./set about doing sth./get down to doing sth. ；set down“写下”，因此选B。
33答案：B 根据句意；要想拥有快乐，我们需要笑，need to do sth. “需要做某事”，ought to do sth. “应该做某事”，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，long to do sth.“渴望做某事”，故选B.
34答案：A 本题考查动词的用法。根据上下文可知：很明显，你可以通过笑来增强战胜病魔的自信心。get over“从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来，克服(困难等)”，think over“仔细考虑”，run over“复查(超过)，在……上驶过”，take over “接管，接任”，因此选A。
35答案：B 根据上下文可知，你可以通过笑来增强战胜病魔的自信心。by means of“通过某种方式”；in terms of“按照”， through the method of和by the way of 没有这种搭配，因此选B。
36答案：B 推理判断题。下文有“have always shown a marked taste for portraiture”，说明17世纪的荷兰人对肖像艺术情有独钟，故B项为正确答案。
37答案：C 细节理解题。第二段开头出现了美国最早的艺术肖像来自新英格兰，破折号是对New England的进一步说明，尤指Connecticut(康涅狄格州)和Massachusetts(马萨诸塞州)两个地方，由此可以断定选项C为正确答案。
38答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段中“Midway through its first century as a nation, the United States' population had increased roughly 5 times，...” 可以断定选项B为正确答案。
39答案：D 推理判断题。从第二段的倒数第二句可以断定选项D是正确答案。
40答案：D 推理判断题。从第三段第一句中“...anyone with small amount of artistic ability could become a limner, as such a portraitist was called.”可推出有limner这种称呼的肖像画家仅仅具有一点点艺术能力，而下文又例证了这个信息，可以断定选项D为正确答案，其他选项原文未谈及。
41答案：B 从第三段第六句“However, more than... or more aspects.”可知，23%正常体重的人有两种以上的疾病。
42答案：A 最后一段中提到，尽管这两个实验表明肥胖的人不一定有病，但某些疾病对肥胖的人更具有危险性，故教授建议人们应避免过度肥胖。
43答案：C 由第三段“The researchers found that about 51% of them were overweight or obese.”与最后一段中“to be fat than thin”可知，obese相当于being too fat。
44答案：A 这是一篇科普论文。作者主要阐述了有些人既肥胖又健康的科学根据。
45答案：A 由第一段首句“...animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings”可知A项正确。
46答案：C 第二段的首句即为本段主旨句，故C项正确。
47答案：A 由第五段第二句“They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research”可知A项正确。
48答案：D 由最后一段最后一句“They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean”可知，科学家们会采取措施保护海洋动物免受噪音侵害。
49答案：C 由第二段可知：她是独自去北极探险的第一位女性，而不是第一人；在那次去北极探险的最后一周，她只依靠坚果和水生存下来；去北极探险时是她的狗陪着她。故C项表述正确。
50答案：B 由第三段首句可知她去探险的目的。
51答案：A 文章主要介绍了女探险家海伦•泰勒的情况，以及她热爱探险和挑战的经历，故A项最恰当。
52答案：C 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“...by 2020 all cars will be computerized...”和第三句“The superintelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself...”可知，2020年的电脑将非常智能化，将由电脑而不是人驾驶。
53答案：D 细节理解题。由第三段“...which had blocked up our cities，polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.”可知，现在的汽车文化阻塞了城市，污染了环境，造成了太多人死亡，所以得变化。
54答案：A 推理判断题。由所在句后一句话可知，将来的汽车是“前后相连”的，这与in line同义。
55答案：B 推理判断题。由最后一段Davis所说的话知，最前面的车与现在燃油量相同，但后面的车的燃油量将是现在的十分之
参考范文：
April 9th, 2012
Dear Jim，
Our friend Li Ming will leave for Shanghai to study. So we are going to have a gettogether at 3∶30 this Friday afternoon. He lives at No.225 Dongfeng Street. It is not very difficult to find your way to his home. Take a No.2 bus, the stop of which is on the left of your university, and get off at the second crossing. There is a cinema across the street. Turn right at the corner, and you will find Dongfeng Street. Li Ming's home is 200 yards down the street on the right. There is a post office opposite to Li Ming's home.
Yours，
Zhang Hua